Abstract: Objective To retrospectively analyze the prognostic factors of platinum resistance in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery(NACT-IDS) or primary debulking surgery(PDS). Methods We divided 87 patients with stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ epithelial ovarian, tubal, and peritoneal carcinoma who underwent treatment from January, 2007 to December, 2013 into PDS(n=56) group and(n=31) NACT-IDS group, to compare the sensitivity to platinum drugs. Standard univariate analysis was performed, as was multivariable analysis with logistic regression, to analyze the relationship between baseline data and platinum resistance. Results After the initial platinum-based chemotherapy, 4(7.1%) cases in the NACT-IDS group were considered as platinum resistant disease, compared with 4(12.7%) in the PDS group(P<0.05). When univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to control the factors independently associated with platinum resistance, NACT-IDS was significantly associated with an initial increased risk of platinum resistance. Residual lesion size and clinical staging were still the significant factors for the recurrence time and platinum resistance. Conclusion For advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy,NACT-IDS has the similar chemotherapy efficiency to PDS, but increases the risk of platinum resistance.