Abstract: Objective To estimate the mortality and disease burden of malignant neoplasms in cancer registries division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops (XPCC)in 2010, so as to provide the reference for cancer prevention and control. Methods The cancer registered data of XPCC cancer registries division (7th and 8th Division) in 2010 were collected. Mortality, potential years of life lost(PYLL), disability adjusted life year(DALY) including years of life lost(YLL) and years lived with disability(YLD) were calculated. Results The crude mortality of XPCC cancer registries division in 2010 was 113.36/105, and the age-standardized incidence rates of Chinese population and world population were 58.50/105 and 79.05/105 respectively. The mortality of male(139.08/105) was higher than that of female(87.13/105). PYLL of overall cancer was 11 603.5 person-years. PYLL rate was 10.05‰, higher than that of the average level of XPCC from 2008 to 2012. The overall DALYs rate were 13.14 per thousand capita, YLDs were 0.83 per thousand capita, and YLLs were 12.31 per thousand capita. YLLs rate of male (13.50 per thousand capita) were higher than that of female(10.88 per thousand capita). PYLL rate and DALYs rate were increased with age. PYLL and PYLL rate reached the peak at 40 years old. DALYs rate were gradually increased from 40-year-old age group, and reached the peak at 60-69 years old age group, and PYLL rate and DALYs rate of male were higher than those of female from 65 years old. DALYs rate of female was higher than that of the national average level in 2010. Conclusion The disease burden of malignant neoplasms of XPCC cancer registries division is serious. The burden of male is higher than that of female. The highest peak of disease burden occurs in middle and elderly patients. Early diagnosis and treatment and health education about tumor prevention should be carried out so as to reduce the disease burden of malignant neoplasms.