Expert consensus on standardization and application of NUT Carcinoma Organoid (2026 edition)

NUT Carcinoma (NUT Cancer) with NUT Gene Rearrangement is a rare but highly aggressive malignancy associated with an extremely poor prognosis, and currently lacks effective treatment options. Patient-derived organoid technology can maintain the molecular pathological characteristics of tumors long-term in vitro, providing an irreplaceable experimental platform for elucidating the pathogenesis of NUT carcinoma, screening targeted drugs, predicting treatment responses, and achieving personalized precision medicine. To standardize the full-chain application of midline carcinoma organoid technology—from basic research to clinical translation—the International Society for Organoid Research (ISoOR) has taken the lead, in collaboration with a multidisciplinary team of domestic experts, to formulate this consensus based on clinical needs, current research progress, and clinical practice. This consensus systematically defines the establishment principles and quality control standards for organoids, and further clarifies specific strategies for their application in basic research and clinical settings. By establishing a full-chain standardized system, this consensus aims to improve the overall level of diagnosis and treatment and effectively enhance patient outcomes.