Value of Peripheral Blood Cell Count and Its Ratio in Evaluating Prognosis of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients with Non-bone-related Extramedullary Diseases

Objective To investigate the correlation of peripheral blood lymphocyte count (ALC), monocyte count (AMC), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with clinicopathological features of initially-diagnosed multiple myeloma(MM) patients with non-bone-related extramedullary diseases (sEMD), as well as their effect on efficacy and survival.

Methods We collected the clinicopathological data of 81 MM patients with sEMD at the initial diagnosis to analyze the relationship of peripheral blood ALC, AMC, LMR, PLR with hemoglobin, creatinine level, lactate dehydrogenase level, β2 microglobulin level, therapeutic efficacy, prognosis survival, etc. The median of ALC, AMC, PLR and LMR were taken as the cutoff value for grouping. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze of the relationship of ALC, AMC, PLR, LMR with survival and prognosis. The Cox proportional hazard model was used for multivariate analysis of prognosis.

Results The median ALC, AMC, PLR and LMR of the 81 patients were 1.38×10⁹/L, 0.48×10⁹/L, 134.9 and 3.11, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that LMR≤3.11 (P=0.021), PLR≥134.9 (P=0.019), LDH≥247U/L (P=0.041), and Hb≤110 g/L (P=0.004) were independent predictors of poor prognosis of initially-diagnosed MM patients with sEMD.

Conclusion For initially-diagnosed MM patients with sEMD, LMR≤3.11, PLR≥134.9, LDH≥247 U/L and Hb≤110g/L may be independent factors for the poor prognosis.