Abstract: Microspectrophotometric measurements of gland epithelial cell nuclei were carried out in 26 cases of endometrium. The average DNA value in 7 cases of cystic hyperplasia was indistinguishable from that of normal proliferative epithelium; in 7 cases of adenometous hyperplasia, the DNA value was located between the cystic hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma, and two out of them with more aneuploid cells presented similar DNA value and ceil distribution with endometrial carcinoma, it was found, moreover, there was a statistically significant difference in DNA value between normal proliferative epithelium and carcinoma. The measurement of DNA content could reflect the degree of proliferation and differentiation of endometrial epithelium more objectively and precisely and be served as a referential criteria for early diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma.