Abstract: Objective 　To explore the clinicopathological characteristics for different histological type of esophageal neoplasms ( EN) . Methods 　To observe the rate of each typical ENs's early stages ( ES), the rate of lymph node metastasis (LNM), and feature of it s distribution, 5 406 patients with ENs were ret rospectively reviewed. Results 　Twenty-nine patients were concurrent cancer, other patients suffered from single esophagueal disease. The rate of squamous carcinoma, adeno-squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma was 95. 5 %, 1. 8 % and 0. 5 %, respectively, the others was 4 %. The rates of ES and LNM were 9. 1 % and 39. 6 %. The difference of the rate of ES and LNM between each type was not significant (χ² =7. 384, 12. 677 ; P = 0. 597, 0. 178) . But the rate of LNM was significant different between small cell carcinoma and squamous carcinoma ( P < 0. 05) . Conclusion 　Most of EN were found in middle segment, squamous carcinoma was absolute major EN, the following was adeno-squamous carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, adeno-carcinoma and carcinosarcoma. The rate of LNM of small cell carcinoma was significant different from squamous carcinoma's. The rate of ENs and LNM in each age's had no significant difference.