Abstract: Recent studies found that the intestinal flora is involved in the occurrence and development of CRC. In particular, Ruminococcus shows a decreased abundance in patients with CRC and can affect gastrointestinal health through cross-feeding and promoting butyrate production. Although the research on Ruminococcus is gradually increasing, no unified understanding of its influence on the occurrence and development of CRC has been established. This work summarizes the relationship of Ruminococcus with CRC and its possible anticancer mechanism to provide a theoretical basis for the further exploration of biological prevention and treatment of CRC in the future.