Abstract: Colorectal surgery originated in early civilizations, since then, its evolution follows a certain pattern. Most surgical techniques have their historical basis and have never been separated from social, technological, and conceptual progress. Given that the development of colorectal surgery and the development of surgical platforms and surgical concepts have mutually reinforced each other, this article collects historical information related to colorectal surgery and provides its historical review from the ancient Egyptian culture to modern civilization, taking into account the development of surgical platforms and concepts. The evolution of colorectal surgery is described as "for an understanding of the future, look to the past". For colorectal surgeons, in particular, a proper understanding of the evolution of colorectal surgery is the best way to understand its direction.