Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of pathological features on the prognosis of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Methods We analyzed retrospectively 124 patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after surgical resection in the Air Force General Hospital, PLA from January 2000 to April 2008 after surgical resection were analyzed retrospectively. The relationship between the pathological features and prognosis was analyzed by Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier. Results The median follow-up time of 124 patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was 75.30 months and 99 patients (79.8%) died at the end of the follow-up. The median OS was 24.47 months.The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 77.4%, 40.3% and 16.9%, respectively. Conclusion Low degree of tumor differentiation, lymphatic with metastasis, tumor with local infiltration, surgical edge with tumor cell invasion are risk factors for total survival of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.