Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical pathological characteristics of esophageal carcinoma patients from different nationalities in Xinjiang. Methods Two thousand and eight hundred sixty three cases of esophageal carcinoma in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. Results (1)The patients were most between 41 to 70 years old (85.3%).(2) Han nationality and Kazak had the high constitutive ratio (47.92%, 26.51%), while the Uygur had lower rate (21.48%).(3)There were significant differences of gender, age of onset, grades of differentiation and histological type (P<0.05), rather than lesion situation and TNM staging(P>0.05) among three nationalities. Conclusion The incidence of esophageal carcinoma in Xinjiang increases rapidly. Han and Kazak nationality have the high morbidity. There are certain differences in clinical pathological characteristics of esophageal carcinoma among different nationalities.