Abstract: Objective To discuss and explore the advantages and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods Retrospective research of 150 cases of advanced NSCLC with simple Chinese medicine treatment and 112 cases with integrated treatment of Chinese medicine and western medicine were carried out，and the related data were analyzed and compared. Results Compared with simple Chinese medicine treatment group,there was higher treatment efficiency(the complete relief plus partial relief)and clinical benefit rate(the complete relief plus partial relief and nochange) in the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment group(P<0.05).In the same group,there was longer time to progression(TTP) (P<0.05)and better cost/effectiveness ratio(C／E).At the same time,there was a shorter hospital staying time(P<0.05),higher stable disease(SD) rate(P<0.05),less drugs and hospitalization expenses in the group of simple Chinese medicine treatment by using more method(P<0.05) than those in integrated treatment of Chinese medicine and western medicine group. Conclusion As a result of TCM participation,in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer in the process,both combined treatment of TCM and western medicine and pure Chinese medicine treatment play their positive role.