Abstract: Objective Inhibition of baohuoside-Ⅰ from Cortex Periplocae(CP) on proliferation of human esophageal carcinoma cells was investigated.The relationship between apoptosis and beta-catenin pathway also was explored. Methods The proliferation of Eca109 cells was measured by MTT assay.Annexin V/PI staining was used to detect the apoptotic rate of Eca-109 cells.Effect of baohuoside-Ⅰ on level of β-catenin，survivin and c-myc mRNA were detected by RT-PCR.Expression of β-catenin，phosphorylate β-catenin，survivin and c-myc protein were determined by western blot and TEM. Results It is demonstrated that baohuoside-Ⅰ could inhibit the proliferate activity of Eca-109 cells by inducing apoptosis.After treatment with baohuoside-Ⅰ for 24 h，β-catenin，survivin and c-myc mRNA expression in Eca-109 decreased obviously.Moreover，baohuoside-Ⅰ reduced the protein levels of β-catenin，phosphorylate β-catenin，survivin and c-myc in Eca-109 cells. Conclusion Baohuoside-Ⅰ isolated from cortex periplocae inhibited proliferation of esophageal carcinoma cells through β-catenin signal pathway.