Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the significance of Cx26 gene expression and mutation in skin scar and skin scar squamous cell carcinoma. Methods The expressions of Cx26 protein and its mRNA in 15 skin scar and 22 skin scar squamous cell carcinomas were detected by immunohistochemical method of SP and in situ hybridization.To analyze the characteristics of Cx26 gene mutations,DNA was extracted from 28 samples（14 skin scar and 14 skin scar squamous cell carcinoma tissues）of Paraffin embedded and screened for mutation by direct sequencing.Pictures were collected and analyzed，statistical analysis was performed by SPSS system. Results （1）Cx26 and its mRNA showed positive expression in normal skin epidermis and strong positive in pathological skin scar epithelium，weakly positive or negative expression in skin scar squamous cell carcinoma tissues．Each of two groups was statistically different（P＜0.05）．（2）The Cx26 genes were not examined to have the mutation in skin scar squamous cell carcinoma tissues after sequencing．ConclusionThe high expression of Cx26 protein and Cx26mRNA may be related to the hyperplasia of skin scar epithelium.The low expression may be related to the occurrence of skin scar squamous cell carcinoma.The genetic mutation suits need more explored.