Abstract: ObjectiveTo evaluate the survival rate and prognostic factors of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) for advanced primary liver cancer (PLC). Methods Clinical and follow-up data of 108 patients with advanced PLC treated by TACE were retrospectively analyzed.Survival rate was calculated by life table method.Log-rank univariable analysis and Cox regression analysis were performed to determine the predictors of survival. Results The cumulative survival rate at 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 months were 59.26%,34.41%,14.03%,10.23% and 5.12%, respectively.Univariate analysis revealed that the maximum diameter of tumor, metastasis and portal vein tumor thrombus were major factors affecting the survival.Cox's proportional hazard regression model demonstrated that the maximum diameter of tumor≥10 cm and existence of portal vein tumor thrombus were the independent risk factors affecting the survival. Conclusion TACE is an effective treatment for advanced PLC.Tumor size and portal vein tumor thrombus significantly affect the survival of advanced PLC patients.