Abstract: ObjectiveTo study the long-term results and prognostic factors of postoperative treatment for patients with renal cell carcinoma who underwent the surgical resection. Methods Sixty-three patients with renal cell carcinoma who received postoperative treatment were enrolled into our retrospective study.We analyzed the 5-year survival rate,the occurrence of the local relapse and distant metastasis.The prognostic factors were determined by Cox proportional risk model.ReusltsThe 5-year overall suruvival rate of the whole group was 71.0%.The 5-year overall rate for the patients in stageⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ was 87.7%,70.3% and 42.9%,respectively（χ2= 11.629,P=0.003）.That in T1, T2 and T3 was 88.7%,63.9%,37.0%,respectively（χ2=11.850,P=0.003）.That in N0 and N1 was 78.0% and 35.6%（χ2=8.599,P=0.003）,respectively.That for the patients with or without cancerous embolism was 31.3% and 76.0%,respectively（χ2=8.108,P=0.004）.The rates of local recurence and distant metastasis were 15.9%（10/63）and 23.8%(15/63),respectively. With Cox analysis,T staging （P=0.021）,N staging（P=0.040）,the surgical resection （P=0.032），postoperative biochemotherapy（P=0.022） and postoperative radiation（P=0.042）were the independent prognostic factors affecting the patients' survial. ConclusionFor patients with renal cell carcinoma,TNM staging is the most important factor predicting the patients' survival time.The value of postoperative biochemotherapy and(or) radiotherapy needs to be further investigated.