Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and clinical significance of RBL2/P130 in primary human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). MethodsThe expression of RBL2/P130 in HCC, adjacent noncancerous cirrhotic liver and normal liver was detected by immunohistochemical technique. The relationship between RBL2/P130 and clinical parameters of HCC was analyzed. ResultsThe positive expression rate of RBL2/P130 was 34.1% in HCC, significantly lower than that of adjacent noncancerous cirrhotic liver and normal liver（χ²=11.7，P<0.01）. The expression of RBL2/P130 was related to portal vein cancer embolus, tumor differentiation degree and tumor stage, but not to age, gender, tumor foci number, tumor size, tumor envelope integrity, AFP and HbsAg. Moreover, accumulative survival rate was significantly higher in positive expressed group than that in negative expressed group (P=0.014). ConclusionThe expression of RBL2/P130 was significantly lower in HCC and was closely related to tumor differentiation degree, development, invasion and metastasis.