Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical features and influence factors on the nosocomial pulmonary fungal infection in patients with lung cancer for the effective prevent and control of nosocomial infection. Methods Eight hundred and Seventy-two cases of patients with lung cancer from Jan. 2007 to Dec.2007.in Xinjiang Tumor Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among of them, 87 patients with nosocomial pulmonary fungal infection were analyzed to get the risk factors and fungal categorization. Results The pulmonary fungal infection rate in the 872 patients with lung cancer was 9.9%. The candida accounted for 96.6%of the fungal,and 81% of the candida was candida albicans. The main risk factors included age (≥50 years old), long-term hospitalization (≥14d), cancer chemotherapy and radiaotherapy, invasive operation, leucopenia (≥Ⅲ grade), and long-term application of antibiotic and homone (P<0.05). Gender, lung cancer pathotype and operation had nothing to do with the nosocomial pulmonary fungal infection in patients with lung cancer (P＞0.05). Conclusion The effective method to reduce nosocomial pulmonary fungal infection in patient with cancer is to avoid the risk factors, to diagnose early, and to use anti-fungus agents early.