Abstract: Polyphase liposome (PL) marked with oil red was injected into the mediastinum of 18 rabbits,killed at different period. The cervix，axillae and mediastinum were observed by macroscope, slicesof the lymph nodes by microscope. Results show that PL may widely distributed in the mediastinum,chest wall，cervical and axillary districts，sustained for 2 weeks. Orange colour in the lymph nodeslices of the cervix，axillae and mediastinum were observed under microscope from 2 hours to 2weeks. This suggested that PL is a ideal anticancer drug on preventing and treating the mediastinallymph nodes with cancer cell in the lung cancer.