Abstract: Objective To study the relationship between sex hormone, sex hormone receptors and bladder cancer. Methods Serum testosterone(T),estradiol(E2)，progesterone(P) were determined in 29 patients with bladder cancer,and their changes before and after operation were observed.and in 25 healthy men as the control group.Androgen rec eptor(AR),estrogen receptor(ER)，progesterone receptor(PR) were investigated in 28 cases of bladder cancer tissue and 21 cases of adjacent normal bladder tissue and 25 cases of normal bladder tissue. Results T and T/E2 were higher and E2 was lower than those in th e control group.after operation,T and T/E2 were reduced and E2 was increased .The positive rate of the AR in bladder cancer tissue was significantly higher t han that in normal bladder tissue. Conclusion There was a significant imbalance of sex hormone in patie nts with bladder cancer,which was improved after operation,It is likely that bla dder cancer is correlated to the imbalance of sex hormore.