Abstract: Objective 　To observe the therapeutic efficacy of Sugan Jianpi Yi'ai Decoction in treating primary hepatocellular carcinoma ( PHC) . Methods 　Sixty patient s with PHC were allocated randomly into 2 groups : treatment group (Sugan Jianpi Yi'ai Decoction + chemotherapy) and cont rol group (chemotherapy) . The therapeutic effect s of the two groups were evaluated after one course of t reatment . Results 　After t reatment, tumor size and life duration between two groups were not significantly different ( P >0. 05), but in t reatment group symptom and life quality improved significantly and WBC count was significantly higher than that in cont rol group ( P < 0. 05) . Conclusion 　Sugan Jianpi Yi'ai Decoction is effective in improving general condition and life quality of PHC cases and reducse toxicity of chemical medication.