Abstract: Objective In order to ascertain relation between clinical pathological features and distribution of estrogen receptor,p53 protein accumulation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods Immunohisto chemical detection of ER and p53 protein was performed in 47 cases of Linxian esophageal cancer. Results ER positive was identified in 19 of the 47 patients with esophageal cancer.The positive rate for the ER was 40.4%.There was a significant association between ER positive rates in groups survived longer than 5 years and less than 5 years.The p53 protein accumulation was seen in 29(61.7%) cases.Accumulation of p53 protein rate was 50% in group survived longer than 5 years,78.9% in group survived less than 5 years,with a highly significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).A significantly higher rate of p53 protein accumulation was found in cases with lymph nodes metastasis (77.2%) than in cases with no lymph nodes metastasis (P<0.05).ER positive ESCC had a signifiantly higher expression of p53 protein than ER negative ESCC. Conclusion The results demonstrates a consistent relationship between ER- positive tumors and p53 protein accumulation.Measurements of ER and p53 protein accumulation in esophageal cancer have important and practical prognostic implications.