Abstract: Objective 　To study the significance of protein kinase C( PKC) and P-glycoprotein ( P-gp) in patient s with ovarian cancer. Methods 　The expression of PKC and P2gp in 35 cases of ovarian cancer, 20 cases benign tumor and 20 normal ovarian epithelial tissues was determined by using immunohistochemical S-P method. The relationship between the expression of PKC and clinical pathologic features were analyzed. Results 　(1) Positive expression of PKC and P-gp in maglignant was higher than the expression in benignancy and normal tissues ; and the positive expression with PKC had significant difference between the initially treated patient s and those with tumor recurrence. (2) There was no direct correlation between the expression of PKC and clinical pathological data. (3) The expression of PKC had correlation with P-gp (P < 0. 05) . (4) The response rate to chemoth-erapy in patients with positive PKC and negative PKC was 23. 5 %、66. 7 % respectively ( P < 0. 05) . (5) The PKC positive patients were poorer in prognosis than negative ones ( P = 0. 039) . Conclusion 　These results st rongly suggested that PKC expression in epithelial ovarian cancer tissues was closely related to the expression of P2gp, and probably played a role in multidrug resistance phenotype in ovarian cancer.