Abstract: With the development of neuroscience and oncology, the direct regulation effect of central nervous system circuits on tumors has been gradually revealed. There is increasing evidence that targeting therapy emotion-related encephalic regions may have great potential in blocking the promotion of breast cancer progression by depression. The complex mechanisms behind it involve the generation of depression and the regulation of tumors by central nervous system circuits. However, there is a lack of systematic summary in this field. This article reviews the latest research progress of the central nervous system circuit and the generation of depression, the neural connection between the central nervous system and peripheral tumor, and the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment by the sympathetic nervous system, and systematically combs the potential mechanism of the central nervous system circuit in the promotion of breast cancer progression by depression, in order to put forward new solutions for the comprehensive treatment of breast cancer.