头颈部肿瘤碳离子放疗中重度不良反应的类型和发生率

Types and Incidence of Moderate and Severe Toxic Effects of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer

摘要: 头颈部肿瘤往往解剖结构复杂且毗邻重要器官，常规放疗技术带来的放射性损伤是其主要剂量限制性因素。目前，碳离子束因其优秀的相对生物效应（RBE）和Bragg峰等物理特性成为取代光子射线最理想的肿瘤放疗射线。截至2019年，全球共约3.2万人接受了碳离子放射治疗（CIRT），尽管该技术具备更高效的肿瘤杀伤能力，但仍无法避免发生放射性损伤。本文就近年来CIRT在头颈部肿瘤应用中出现的中重度放射性损伤类型和发生率进行综述，旨在全面了解CIRT中潜在的危险。

Abstract: Head and neck tumors often have complex anatomical structures and are adjacent to important organs. Radiation injury caused by conventional radiotherapy technology is the main dose-limiting factor. Carbon ion beam has become the most ideal radiation to replace photon due to its excellent relative biological effect and Bragg peak. By 2019, 32 000 people worldwide have received carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT). Despite the efficient tumor killing ability of this technology, radiation injury cannot be avoided. This article reviews the types and incidence of moderate to severe radiation injury caused by CIRT in head and neck cancer to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential risks in CIRT.