Abstract: Lung cancer is the cancer with the highest mortality in China. Early detection and early diagnosis are the key factors affecting the therapeutic effect of lung cancer treatment. However, accurate and safe early diagnosis methods for lung cancer are still lacking, greatly affecting the survival of lung cancer patients. Lung cancer, as a highly malignant tumor, has attracted the attention of scientists to study its diagnostic biomarkers. These diagnostic biomarkers are diverse, but their value in the early diagnosis of lung cancer remains to be further explored. In this paper, the biomarkers related to the early diagnosis of lung cancer are sorted out, and the latest progress, potential value, advantages, and limitations of these biomarkers in lung cancer diagnosis are reviewed.