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多靶点CAR-T细胞治疗肿瘤的研究进展

Research Progress of Multi-target CAR-T Cell Therapy for Cancer

  • 摘要: 嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)是一种过继细胞免疫疗法,其通过基因手段改造T细胞,从而发挥肿瘤靶向杀伤作用。CAR-T细胞疗法在治疗肿瘤,特别是血液系统恶性肿瘤方面具有显著的作用,但在实体肿瘤中作用不佳。单靶点的CAR-T在应用的过程中容易出现脱靶效应,存在复发或更加难治的风险。双靶点或多靶点CAR-T的开发有望扩大靶细胞抗原覆盖率,有效避免抗原逃逸和防止肿瘤复发,延长患者的生存时间。本文综述了目前多靶点嵌合抗原受体T细胞的研究进展,并探讨了其发展的前景。

     

    Abstract: Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) is a kind of adoptive cell immunotherapy, in which T cells are genetically modified to exert targeted killing effect on tumors. CAR-T cell therapy has shown remarkable antitumor efficacy for the treatment of tumors, especially for hematological malignancies, but is less effective in solid tumors. Single-target CAR-T is prone to off-target effect during application, and there is a risk of relapse or more refractory treatment. The development of double-target or multi-target CAR-T is expected to extend the antigen coverage of target cells, effectively avoids antigen escape and prevents tumor recurrence, and prolongs the survival time of patients. This article reviews the advances of multi-target chimeric antigen receptor T cell, and discusses the prospect of its development.

     

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