Abstract: Human nerves promote the initiation of a variety of solid tumor via regulating the stem cells, inducing angiogenesis, interacting immune system and modulating microbiota, and axonogenesis further drives the growth of early cancer. Nerves have emerged as an important component of the tumor microenvironment, and the control of nerves and neural signaling will be used as the novel treatment of human cancers. The article reviews the mechanisms of nerves promoting tumorigenesis.