Abstract: The research and development of new anticancer drugs rely on high quality clinical trials, which have both common but special characteristics compared with non-anticancer drugs, and their related medical ethical issues are getting more and more attention. This paper discusses and summarizes the specialty of study objects, subjects' recruitment, informed consent, experimental design, observation of therapeutic effect, security evaluation, and related medical ethical issues in clinical trials of anticancer drugs, in order to provide scientific basis and reference for protecting subjects better and get a more standardized long-term development of clinical trials about anticancer drugs.