Abstract: In recent years, exercise has been demonstrated to play an important role in the genesis and progression of tumor as a non-drug treatment. There has been an increased interest in the regular exercise training as adjunctive therapy of cancer. As the survival places of tumor cells, tumor microenvironment also plays a crucial role in tumor progress. In order to introduce exercise as a candidate treatment in cancer control, clarifying the mechanism by which exercise affects tumor microenvironment is required. This review summarizes the advances in the mechanism of aerobic exercise in hypoxia, tumor-associated macrophages and chronic inflammation responses of tumor microenvironment.