Abstract: The application of geographical spatial analysis in cancer epidemiology provides a methodological basis and realization approach to explore spatial and temporal distribution of cancer. The spatial interpolation method calculates the lack of data area property values by a known sample and provides a comprehensive description of the distribution of the tumor. Both of spatial autocorrelation and spatial scan determine the spatial and temporal distribution of cancer by statistical tests, to find out the degree of aggregation and accumulation area of some specific cancer property. The geographical weighted regression method can be used to explore the etiology and risk factors associated with the spatial and temporal distribution of cancer and to evaluate their correlation degree. The application of geospatial analysis in cancer epidemiology can reflect the cancer distribution characteristics and geographic variation intuitively and effectively, and provide more reliable solution for cancer etiology and cancer prevention strategies.