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肿瘤转移的种子与土壤学说新认识

New Thoughts upon Seed and Soil Hypothesis of Tumor Metastasis

  • 摘要: 自Stephen Paget于1889年针对肿瘤转移的器官特异性提出肿瘤转移的“种子-土壤”学说以来,越来越多的证据证实肿瘤转移需要肿瘤细胞与微环境的协调;同时也发展出了很多针对种子(如化疗)和土壤(如EGFR抑制)的治疗方案。本文通过对种子土壤理论的回顾总结,提出以下几点新的认识:种子可以携带、适应、改变土壤:肿瘤细胞转移过程中不仅可以适应新的微环境,还可以通过携带因子等方式来改变肿瘤环境,肿瘤细胞与微环境的双向动态作用是转移进行的实质。并通过总结乳腺癌与直肠癌转移特征,进行该学说的佐证。

     

    Abstract: The fact that certain tumors have the tendency to metastasize to specific organs has been recognized for over a century now. First invoked by Paget in 1889, the seed and soil hypothesis suggested that the successful growth of metastatic cells depends on the interactions and properties of cancer cells(seeds) and their potential target organs(soil). We are currently witnessing an increasing amount of evidence, spanning from clinical to laboratory research, which highlight that metastasis is the result of the dynamic balance between the tumor itself and the body environment. Also more and more treatments were developed based on it. In this article, we review the hypothesis and suggest a new theory: Seed can carry, adapt and change the soil. The tumor cells can not only adapt to the microenvironment, but also carry many factors to promote the environment changing. The essence of tumor metastasis is the biphasic effect between tumor cells and microenvironment. Through summarizing the characteristic of breast cancer and colorectal cancer metastasis,this theory has been proved.

     

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