Abstract: Objective To investigate the expression and distribution characteristics of CD15 and CD133 in gliomas, and analyze the correlation between CD15 and CD133. Methods Immunohistochemistry stainning was used to detect the expression of CD15 and CD133 in gliomas. The integrated optical density(IOD) of CD15+ cells and CD133⁺ cells in different grades of gliomas was calculated by Image-Pro Plus 6.0 Image analysis software. Results Along with the tumor grade increased,the number of CD15⁺ and CD133⁺ cells and their niches was increased significantly.The IOD was significant difference between CD15⁺ cells and CD133⁺ cells in high-or low-grade gliomas（z=-3.432，P=0.001；z=-4.192，P=0.000）; The IOD of CD15⁺ cells was positive correlation to CD133⁺ cells (r=0.535, P=0.000). CD133 also expressed in fat cells of gliomas with fat cells components.CD133^＋blood vessels could be observed. Conclusion The advance of tumor grade,was related to the increasing of CD15⁺ and CD133⁺ cells and their niches.CD15 and CD133 expression was positive correlation.The over-expression of CD133 in fat cells of glioma suggested a poor clinical prognosis.