Abstract: Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Temozolomide in the treatment of recurrent glioma. Methods Thirty-five patients with recurrent glioma were enrolled in our study. According to the history of temozolomide administration, 35 patients were divided into group F (the patients first treated with temozolomide), group R (the patients re-treated with temozolomide), and group N (the patients without chemotherapeutic history). Clinical evaluations and assessments of tumor response were performed every 2 months. Results In group F, the complete response(CR) was not observed, partial response (PR) in 6 cases, stable disease(SD)in 10 cases, and 5 cases developed progressive disease(PD). In group R, the complete response(CR) was not observed, partial response (PR) was observed in 2 cases, stable disease(SD)in 4 cases, and 9 cases developed progressive disease(PD). In group N, the complete response(CR) was not observed, partial response (PR) was observed in 1 cases, stable disease(SD)in 5 cases, and 9 cases developed progressive disease(PD). Therein, (PR+SD) in group F was significantly higher than group R and group N respectively (both P<0.05). Cases of 6 month overall survival in group F was more than those in group R (P<0.05) and group N (P<0.01). Conclusion Initial use of temozolomide is effective for recurrent glioma, but the curative effectiveness of temozolomide re-administration is not obvious.