Abstract: Objective To investigate the expression of the HSP90 protein and HPV16 infection in cervicitis and cervical cancer tissues from Urghur and Han women. Methods The expression of HSP90 protein in 66 cervicitis tissues and 92 cervical cancer tissues was detected by using SP immunohistochemistry, and the infection status of HPV16 in these tissues was studied by PCR using specific primer for HPV16. Results The overall expression rate of HSP90 in cervical cancer tissues (77.17%) from both ethnic groups was higher than that in cervicitis tissues (56.06%)from Urghur and Han women combined(P<0.05). The expression rate of HSP90 in the cervical cancer tissues from Han women was higher than that in Urghur women (83.33% vs. 74.19%) with the difference being significant (P<0.05). The infection rate of HPV16 in cervical cancer tissues from Urghur women(58.06%) was higher than that in Han women(16.67%) (P<0.05 ).The infection rate of HPV16 in cervical cancer tissues was higher than that in cervicitis tissues (44.56% vs. 12.12%) (P<0.05). The expression of HSP90 and the infection of HPV16 were correlated positively in cervical cancers of both ethnic groups (r=0.361, P<0.05). Conclusion The detection of both HSP90 expression and HPV16 infection will improve the diagnosis rate of cervical cancer.