Abstract: Objective To observe the relationship between cerebral edema and erb-B1 protein expression in glioma rats treated with ⁶⁰Co irradiation. Methods Glioma rats model was built. After 15 days the negative group was treated with ⁶⁰Co,the experiment group was treated with ⁶⁰Co and ZD1839. Immunohistochemical technique SP staining was used to check erb-B1 protein expression.With computer image analysis. Group A was the blank group, group B included the none edema rats in experiment group,group C included the serious edema rats in experiment group, group D had the none edema rats in control group, group E caontained the serious edema rats in control group. Results The levels of erb-B1 protein expression were significantly different between group C and B, group E and D,group A and C,group A and E (P<0.05). The serious edema percentages were also significantly different between the control group and the experiment group (P<0.05). Conclusion The mechanism of radioactive cerebral edema is tightly connected with erb-B1 protein expression after ⁶⁰Co therapy.