Abstract: Objective 　To study the relationship between the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α ( HIF-1α) and microvessel density (MVD) in epithelial ovarian tumors. Methods 　The 66 specimens of epithelial ovarian tumor and normal ovarian tissue samples were studied by SP immunohistochemical techniques and in situhybridization techniques to explore the expression of HIF-1α mRNA and protein, and the microvessel density marked by CD105. Results 　① The expression level of HIF-1αand HIF-1α mRNA in borderline and malignant ovarian tumors were higher than benign ovarian tumors and normal ovarian tissues ( P < 0. 05) . CD105-MVD is higher in malignant ovarian tumors than borderline and benign ovarian tumors ( P < 0. 05) . ② The correlation of HIF-1αand CD1052MVD was positive, and were negative with histological differentiation ( P < 0. 05) . Conclusion 　HIF-1αmay play an important role in occurrence and development of epithelial ovarian tumors.