Abstract: Objective 　To explore the diagnostic accuracy for adenocarcinoma of female genital system by cervical liquid2based cytology (LBC) . Methods 　The cases with adenocarcinoma of female genital system were selected to find their cervical LBC diagnoses, meanwhile, the cases with the diagnoses of adenocar2 cinoma cells (AdcaC), suspicious adenocarcinoma cells (Sus2AdcaC) and atypical glandular cells (AGC) by cervical LBC were selected to find their histological diagnoses. These cases were all f rom Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences during 2001 to 2005. The diagnoses of histology were taken as golden standard and Sus2AdcaC was taken as a cut point of LBC diagnoses to analyze the accuracy of LBC diagnoses. The data were analyzed by SPSS 13. 0 software. Results 　A total of 259 cases was selected. The sensitivity and specificity of cervical LBC diagnoses for adenocarcinoma of the female genital system were 42. 6 % and 91. 5 %, respectively ; the positive prognostic value and negative prognostic value were 93. 0 % and 37. 6 %, respectively. The sensitivities of cervical LBC diagnoses for endocervical adenocarci2 noma, endomet rial adenocarcinoma and ovarian / fallopian tubal adenocarcinoma were 65. 6 %, 38. 9 % and 36. 1 %, respectively. The sensitivity for endocervical adenocarcinoma was higher than that for endo2 met rial adenocarcinoma and fallopian tubal adenocarcinoma significantly ( P = 0. 02) . The diagnostic sen2 sitivity of cervical LBC had a t rend of increase as the increase of clinicopathological stages ( P = 0. 001) . Conclusion 　Cervical LBC is helpful for increasing the diagnostic sensitivity of female genital system ade2 nocarcinoma, but it has certain limitations.