Progress of Molecular Imaging-guided Tumor Immunotherapy

With the development of oncology, immunology and imaging, tumor immunotherapy has been one of the most important strategies for cancer treatment after the classic tumor therapies (chemotherapy, surgery-therapy and radio-therapy). Among them, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and the programmed cell death protein/protein ligand 1 (anti-PD-1/PD-L1) attract most attention in tumor immunotherapy fields. The CTLA-4 and PD1/PDL1 antibodies can specifically bind and regulate the T cell, enhance the T-cell immune-killer ability to tumors and hold great potential to revolutionize cancer therapy. However, studies have demonstrated the lack of clinical benefit in some patients using immunotherapy. Molecular imaging that based on radio-nuclide labeled immune-therapy antibodies provide a new method for patients selection, response assessment, treatment plan optimization and prognosis assessment by real-time and in-vivo radio-immuno-imaging. This paper based on the existing radio-nuclide labeled immune-therapy antibodies expounds the great change of tumor immunotherapy in the field of molecular imaging in recent years and the research progress of molecular imaging guiding the development of tumor immunotherapy trends.