Abstract: Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1(LPCAT1) is a phospholipids metabolic enzyme, which could promote phospholipids synthesis and remodeling. Recent studies found that the expression of LPCAT1 in a variety of tumors is increased and positively correlated with malignancy, staging and grading. High expression of LPCAT1 is positively correlated with the early recurrence of prostate cancer and breast cancer. The over-expression of LPCAT1 could promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells and hematoma cells in vitro. LPCAT1 is a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of malignant tumors and a potential target for the treatment. This article reviews the recent advances of relationship between LPCAT1 and cancer.