Abstract: Objective：To investigate the expression level of OY-TES-1 mRNA in human hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）tissues. Methods ：To establish quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for quantitative expression of OY-TES-1 mRNA.Fifty -six specimens of human HCC tissues and thirty-seven specimens of adjacent HCC tissues were analyzed for quantitative expression of target gene OY-TES-1 and housekeeping gene HPRT. OY-TES-1/HPRT was used to evaluate the expression level of OY-TES-1 mRNA.Data were dealt with statistical analysis software SPSS 13.0. Results ：(1) The expressive frequency of OY-TES-1 in HCC was 73.21%（41/56）while 64.86%（24/37）in adjacent HCC tissues by quantitative real-time PCR.Meanwhile, 17 pairs show positive, which had no significant difference（P＞0.05）.(2) The expression level of OY-TES-1 mRNA in human HCC tissues was higher than that in adjacent HCC tissues（P＜0.05）.No relationship was found between the expression of OY-TES-1 genes and clinic pathological parameters （P＞0.05）. Conclusion ：With higher expressive frequency and level in human HCC, OY-TES-1 is a potential target for antigen-specific immunotherapy and auxiliary diagnosis of HCC.Our interest will now focus on the expression of OY-TES-1 protein in HCC and its significance.